China is a major country with liver cancer, and the incidence rate and mortality rate of liver cancer account for about half of the world's total. Early identification of high-risk populations and early diagnosis of liver cancer are key to improving the overall survival rate of patients. Since the discovery of vitamin K in 1929, researchers have gradually confirmed the important role of serum abnormal prothrombin caused by its deficiency in the diagnosis of liver cancer. In 2019, Dr. Feng Shen and his team from Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the third affiliated hospital of the Naval Medical University, collaborated with other top hospital teams in China to establish and validate the ASAP risk prediction model. Since then, the ASAP model has continuously broken through the prediction limitations of hepatitis B-related liver cancer, and has achieved frequent success in predicting hepatitis C-related liver cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related liver cancer, and early recurrence diagnosis of liver cancer.

Primary liver cancer ranks as the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China, posing a severe threat to people's lives and health. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are crucial for improving treatment outcomes. In 2019, Dr. Feng Shen and Dr. Tian Yang research team from Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, collaborating with 11 renowned tertiary hospitals in China, developed the ASAP (Alpha-Fetoprotein, Age, Sex, and PIVKA-II) liver cancer risk assessment model, making a significant contribution to Chinese clinical practice.