In first-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), should immunotherapy be combined with chemotherapy or an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC)? As the ADC era advances, this debate is intensifying. At the 2026 CSCO Annual Meeting, Oncology Frontier invited Professor Wenyan Chen of Nanchang People's Hospital and Professor Tengfei Chao of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, to debate the issue in light of the ASCENT-03, TROPION-Breast02 (TB-02), and ASCENT-04 studies, among others. Professor Wenyan Chen advocated for immunotherapy plus chemotherapy, emphasizing robust evidence, manageable safety, and greater affordability. Professor Tengfei Chao supported immunotherapy plus an ADC, arguing that this approach could address unmet treatment needs in patients with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥10 and those with early relapse, while offering promising mechanistic synergy. This article presents the key arguments from both experts.

Pathological diagnosis is a cornerstone of precision breast cancer care, and standardization and digital and intelligent transformation are key issues in the ongoing development of pathology. At the 2026 CSCO Annual Meeting, Oncology Frontier invited Professor Hong Bu of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, to share his insights on standardizing breast pathology diagnosis, approaches to digital and intelligent transformation, and collaboration between pathology and clinical departments.

From breaking through in later-line treatment to making advances in earlier lines, and from monotherapy to combination regimens that enhance efficacy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are reshaping the breast cancer treatment landscape. At the 2026 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), several ADCs reported important clinical findings across multiple molecular subtypes, including HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), spanning the treatment continuum from later-line advanced disease to first-line therapy.

Clinical research into precision breast cancer treatment has continued to advance in recent years. On the one hand, the applications of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing are expanding beyond pretreatment target identification and treatment selection to include dynamic monitoring throughout treatment and intervention before radiographic disease progression. On the other hand, ADC development continues to evolve, with target design moving from single-target to increasingly diverse approaches, opening up new treatment options, particularly for patients who develop resistance. At the 29th Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), Oncology Frontier invited Professor Yanxia Shi of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center to discuss the latest international evidence on two cutting-edge topics: ctDNA-guided intervention before radiographic progression and the mechanistic differences among ADCs. She also explored recent advances in precision breast cancer treatment and their implications for clinical practice.

The 29th Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) was held in Jinan, Shandong Province, from September 16 to 19, 2026. During the meeting, Professor Yongmei Yin of Jiangsu Province Hospital presented updated results from OptiTROP-Breast05, a multicenter Phase II study evaluating first-line sacituzumab tirumotecan (sacituzumab govitecan? No—sacituzumab tirumotecan, SKB264/MK-2870), China's first independently developed TROP2-directed antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), in advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The objective response rate (ORR) reached 70.7%, and median overall survival (OS) was 32.8 months. At the opening ceremony on the first day of the CSCO Annual Meeting, the study received the “2026 Innovation Research Award,” reflecting strong recognition from Chinese experts. Oncology Frontier invited Professor Yongmei Yin, Lead Principal Investigator of OptiTROP-Breast05, to contribute this article exploring the far-reaching implications of China's innovative medicines. The full text follows.

As the concept of precision surgery continues to advance, partial nephrectomy (PN) has become the gold standard for the treatment of early-stage renal cancer. However, accurately identifying anatomy intraoperatively, shortening warm ischemia time, and preserving renal function remain major challenges for urologists, particularly when treating complex hilar and endophytic renal tumors. Recently, at the CACA GU meeting, Professor Lei Wang, Chief Physician in the Department of Urology at Peking University Shougang Hospital, delivered an in-depth presentation on the applications of holographic imaging in partial nephrectomy. Drawing on years of clinical experience and research findings from his team, Professor Wang outlined the technological evolution from three-dimensional reconstruction to medical holographic imaging and demonstrated the potential advantages of this technology in supporting complex surgical decision-making and improving the likelihood of achieving the “Trifecta” outcome.

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone of comprehensive prostate cancer management. When choosing between the two pharmacological approaches to castration—luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists and antagonists—clinical practice has long tended to favor familiar, established drugs. However, this pattern is now being reconsidered. In an interview with Oncology Frontier, Professor Aili Zhang of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University discussed common pharmacological castration regimens, highlighting the key advantages of LHRH antagonists, particularly degarelix. Their direct receptor-blocking mechanism enables rapid and sustained testosterone suppression without the initial testosterone surge known as the “flare effect.” While novel androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) are profoundly transforming systemic treatment for prostate cancer, ADT remains the foundation of endocrine therapy.