Hematology Frontier

The treatment landscape for multiple myeloma (MM) has undergone revolutionary changes over the past two decades, transitioning from the traditional chemotherapy era to a golden age of precision targeting and immunotherapy. However, does immense success in clinical evidence translate to broad benefits for patients? At the 29th Annual Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA), Professor Pieter Sonneveld, Professor of Hematology at the Erasmus University of Rotterdam Medical Center and Chairman of the European Myeloma Network (EMN), delivered a keynote speech. He not only reviewed the new benchmarks for frontline treatment represented by the PERSEUS study but also provided a forward-looking perspective on the "fragmented" reality of innovative drug accessibility across European countries. This summary aims to comprehensively present Professor Sonneveld's profound reflections on MM treatment evolution, the clinical application of MRD, and the challenges of health technology assessment.

At the 2026 European Hematology Association (EHA) Annual Meeting, Professor Pratima Chowdary from the Katherine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre at Royal Free Hospital, University College London (UCL), delivered an in-depth presentation titled "The future of hemophilia care: Entering an era of personalized medicine." Professor Chowdary reviewed the evolution of hemophilia care over nearly a century, focusing on the reshaping of clinical practice by extended half-life (EHL) coagulation factors, bispecific antibodies, rebalancing therapies, and gene therapy. She emphasized how to achieve precise personalized medicine through the quality framework of "Structure-Process-Outcome" amidst the current surge of innovative drugs.

At the 2026 European Hematology Association (EHA) Annual Meeting, world-renowned lymphoma expert Professor Stephen Ansell from the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota, USA) was invited to deliver a keynote speech titled "Deciphering HL biology." Professor Ansell systematically reviewed the molecular origins of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), the abnormal activation of key signaling pathways, the complex interactions within the immune microenvironment (TME), and how these biological features drive current immunotherapy strategies while revealing future challenges in drug resistance.

At the 2026 European Hematology Association (EHA) Annual Meeting, Professor Todd Knepper from Moffitt Cancer Center shared a thematic report on "Post-Transplant Molecular Surveillance Reveals Divergent Clinical Trajectories of Donor-Derived Clonal Hematopoiesis (DD-CHIP)." Through high-throughput sequencing (NGS) technology, this study explored the incidence, molecular landscape, and differentiated impact of DD-CHIP on clinical outcomes in recipients of transplants for myeloid malignancies.

The treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has entered the era of immunotherapy. In particular, the emergence of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (R/R MM). However, challenges such as resistance caused by antigen loss, prolonged manufacturing cycles (vein-to-vein time), and potential severe toxicities remain major hurdles in clinical practice. At a recent academic conference, Professor Yi Lin, the Jess S. Jackson Family Professor of Cancer Research at Mayo Clinic, shared in-depth insights on the theme "CAR-T Cell Manufacturing: Scientific Progress and Technological Innovation." This article aims to extract the core academic viewpoints from Professor Yi Lin's report and explore how iterations in CAR-T manufacturing processes translate into clinical benefits.

In June 2026 local time, the European Hematology Association (EHA) Annual Congress was grandly held. In the Multiple Myeloma (MM) session, top global hematology experts engaged in in-depth dialogues regarding the treatment pathways for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), liquid biopsy for prognostic assessment, and intensified treatment regimens for ultra-high risk patients. This session was chaired by Professor Pieter Sonneveld from the Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) in the Netherlands. It covered core topics such as the value of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the era of quadruplet regimens, the clinical application of circulating tumor cells (CTC), and precision strikes for ultra-high risk patients.

In the era of rapidly evolving immunotherapy, determining the optimal bridging strategy to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains a major clinical challenge. At EHA 2026, Prof. Meng Lü and colleagues from Peking University People's Hospital presented an important oral study based on a large patient cohort, comparing the efficacy of CAR-T therapy and antibody-based immunotherapy as bridging treatments before transplantation and identifying key factors influencing post-transplant outcomes.

As targeted therapies continue to transform the treatment landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), therapeutic goals are evolving beyond long-term disease control toward deeper remissions, fixed-duration treatment strategies, and even the possibility of functional cure. At EHA 2026, several landmark studies provided important evidence supporting this paradigm shift.

Treatment options remain extremely limited for patients with relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r T-ALL) who relapse after CD7 CAR-T therapy. Although previous studies of humanized CD5 CAR-T cells demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity, long-term follow-up revealed a significant safety challenge: a high incidence of severe and sometimes fatal infections.

Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PB-DLBCL) is a rare extranodal subtype of DLBCL characterized by unique clinicopathological features and an increased risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse. Due to its low incidence, comprehensive investigations into its biological characteristics have remained limited.