Hematology Frontier

In July 2023, a study led by Professor Zhijian Xiao from Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College was published in the international academic journal ——Blood Science . The title of the study is "Micheliolide exerts effects in myeloproliferative neoplasms through inhibiting STAT3/5 phosphorylation via covalent binding to STAT3/5 proteins". This study elucidates micheliolide (MCL) is a promising drug in combination with ruxolitinib for the treatment of MPNs.

Amidst the gentle breeze of early summer, the annual "Nanjing Lymphoma Forum" was grandly held in the historic city of Nanjing. This offline event gathered renowned experts in the field of lymphoma from both domestic and international spheres. Through lectures, case discussions, and other formats, the forum facilitated exchanges on the latest achievements and developments in basic and clinical lymphoma research. "Oncology frontier- Hematology frontier" had the privilege of interviewing Professor Jun Zhu, one of the conference chairs and a prominent figure from Peking University Cancer Hospital. He shared the latest research on new drugs such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), bispecific antibodies, and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, emphasizing the crucial role of clinical trials in lymphoma treatment.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy (CAR-T) is a novel cellular immunotherapy technology that has shown excellent efficacy in the treatment of refractory relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Despite this, a significant number of patients do not respond to the treatment or experience relapse and progression. How to further improve the efficacy of CAR-T cells is a key focus of future research. At the recently held "2024 Nanjing Lymphoma Forum," Professor Wenbin Qian from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine delivered a brilliant report titled "Mechanisms of CAR-T Resistance Based on DLBCL Pathological Characteristics and Countermeasures." After the conference, "Oncology Frontier - Hematologie Frontier" invited Professor Wenbin Qian for an interview to further discuss this topic.

Graft failure is a rare but fatal complication following haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A second transplant is almost the only salvage measure for transplant failure. However, outcomes from second transplants have generally been poor, as reported in previous literature. The 50th European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) annual meeting was held in Glasgow, UK, from April 14th to 17th, 2024. The conference focused on the latest advancements in stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy, driving better clinical outcomes for patients with blood disorders. At this conference, a team led by Professor Yuqian Sun from Peking University People's Hospital presented their findings in an oral report titled "Salvage Haploidentical Transplantation with Flu/Cy Regimen and Donor Switching After Primary Graft Failure: Follow-Up Results," which garnered significant attention. Professor Sun was invited to share the main results of this study and the progress in salvage treatments for graft failure after haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

As scheduled, the 2024 China Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) guidelines conference has arrived, with many CSCO oncology treatment guidelines being updated or published for the first time. In the field of hematologic oncology, the much-anticipated CAR-T cell therapy guidelines have been significantly updated. The "CSCO CAR-T Cell Therapy for Malignant Hematological Diseases and Management of Related Infections Guidelines 2023" (referred to as the 2023 Guidelines) has been renamed to "CSCO CAR-T Cell Therapy for Malignant Hematological Diseases Guidelines 2024" (referred to as the 2024 Guidelines). At the conference, Professor Wenjun Zhang from Tongji Hospital affiliated with Tongji University and the Tongji University Institute of Hematology shared the key updates of the 2024 Guidelines. The highlights are organized below for our readers.

In the evolving landscape of hematology and oncology, innovative treatments for challenging conditions like relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (R/R MM) are of paramount importance. It is in this context that the recent phase I/II, open-label study investigating the efficacy of bispecific CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA and CD19 comes to light, marking a significant advancement in the therapeutic domain. This study, meticulously carried out by a dedicated team of researchers led by Professor Kailin Xu from the Department of Hematology at The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, alongside esteemed colleagues from various prestigious institutions across China, has been a beacon of hope for patients grappling with this relentless malignancy. The findings of this groundbreaking research were meticulously documented, underscoring not only the potential of bispecific BC19 CAR T cells as a viable treatment option but also the collaborative effort and expertise that epitomizes the spirit of innovation in the field. This endeavor, emblematic of the strides being made in hematology research, was brilliantly showcased during a session at a renowned medical conference, an event that has become a cornerstone for the dissemination of cutting-edge scientific knowledge and clinical practices.

llogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy have become crucial in the treatment of leukemia. However, the effectiveness and safety of these treatments continue to be hot topics of research. Recent breakthrough studies have provided valuable insights, particularly in the treatment of children with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), prevention and monitoring of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and management of complications following CAR-T therapy. The 50th European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) annual meeting, held from April 14 to 17, 2024, in Glasgow, UK, focused on the latest advancements in stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy, pushing forward better clinical outcomes for hematologic patients. At this conference, Professor Shaoyan Hu and her team from the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University reported on six studies. Oncology Frontier - Hematology Frontier specially invited Professor Shaoyan Hu and her team members to share their research findings on the efficacy and safety of allo-HSCT and CAR-T cell therapy in pediatric leukemia patients in a roundtable discussion format and to provide insightful commentary on these six studies.

From April 14 to 17, 2024, the 50th European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Annual Meeting was grandly held in Glasgow, UK, a city renowned for its historical significance. This year marks the 50th anniversary of EBMT, and the event gathered leading figures in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and over 6,000 hematology experts from around the world. The attendees reviewed the remarkable achievements in the fields of hematology and bone marrow transplantation over the past 50 years and explored forward-looking patient management strategies. At the conference, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, a highlight of this meeting, showcased a series of breakthroughs in the treatment of multiple myeloma and lymphoma, attracting significant attention. This issue features a special invitation to Professor Jun Ma from the Harbin Institute of Hematological Oncology to provide an insightful interpretation of five major research studies in the field of CAR-T cell therapy. Here, we present a compilation of these insights for our readers.

The "2024 Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Guidelines for Malignant Hematologic Diseases" are set to be released, updating the latest treatment strategies and methods for malignant hematologic diseases. This is a significant event for the hematology field in China. "Oncology Frontier" conducted an exclusive interview with Professor Jun Ma from the Harbin Institute of Hematology and Oncology to discuss the CSCO guidelines and the treatment of hematologic diseases. The interview is summarized below.

From April 14 to 17, 2024, the 50th European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Annual Meeting was grandly held in Glasgow, UK, a city renowned for its historical significance. This year marks the 50th anniversary of EBMT, and the event gathered leading figures in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and over 6,000 hematology experts from around the world. The attendees reviewed the remarkable achievements in the fields of hematology and bone marrow transplantation over the past 50 years and explored forward-looking patient management strategies. At the conference, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, a highlight of this meeting, showcased a series of breakthroughs in the treatment of multiple myeloma and lymphoma, attracting significant attention. This issue features a special invitation to Professor Jun Ma from the Harbin Institute of Hematological Oncology to provide an insightful interpretation of five major research studies in the field of CAR-T cell therapy. Here, we present a compilation of these insights for our readers.