Professor Xiaolin Lu Offers an In-Depth Analysis of the BCG Dilemma and the Future of Novel Intravesical and Combination Immunotherapies
Editor’s Note: The 15th Shanghai Urologic Oncology Academic Conference was grandly held in Pudong, Shanghai, bringing together leading experts in urologic oncology from China and abroad. The meeting focused on bladder-sparing strategies for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), advances in novel intravesical agents, and the latest developments in immunotherapy. At the conference, Professor Xiaolin Lu from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center delivered a dedicated presentation from the perspective of intravesical therapy, systematically outlining the challenges in NMIBC management. He highlighted groundbreaking clinical trial results from the Fudan Cancer Center team on novel intravesical agents—particularly interleukin-15 (IL-15) and its fusion proteins, modified chemotherapeutic formulations, and oncolytic viruses—painting a new blueprint for the future treatment of NMIBC.









