Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by accelerated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production due to antibody-mediated mechanisms. Current first-line therapies for ITP include glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins, while second-line options often involve thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), CD20 monoclonal antibodies, and splenectomy. The introduction of CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy over the past decade has transformed ITP treatment. However, heterogeneity in treatment response and duration leaves a subset of patients at risk of severe bleeding, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Following the success of CD20 antibodies, researchers have been exploring other potent therapeutic targets to address these unmet needs.

Recently, the team led by Professor Junren Chen from the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, along with Professor Zimin Sun’s team from The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, conducted a retrospective analysis of 620 unrelated cord blood transplant cases in Anhui.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is one of the most promising salvage treatments for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (r/r LBCL), offering durable remission for about one-third of patients. However, the remaining two-thirds either fail to respond to CAR-T therapy or experience relapse, resulting in poor survival outcomes. This underscores the urgent need to explore methods to enhance the efficacy of CAR-T therapy.