Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the male reproductive system. Although the incidence in China is lower than in Western countries, it has rapidly increased in recent years, now ranking as the sixth most common male malignancy. With rapid advances in related research, updating prostate cancer treatment guidelines based on the latest evidence-based medicine to suit China's specific context is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment, and improving prognosis. The 2024 CSCO Guidelines Conference is about to take place. "Oncology Frontier" invited Prof. Yao Zhu from Fudan University Cancer Hospital to share key points of the guideline updates.

In the first-line treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, the combination of pyrotinib and trastuzumab has introduced a new therapeutic model. The complementary mechanisms of large and small molecules have achieved a median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 24.3 months, setting a new standard for first-line treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. This combination therapy is now recommended by three major domestic guidelines: CSCO BC, CBCS, and ABCC. While the success of this dual-target regimen in advanced stages is clear, its effectiveness in early-stage treatment remains to be seen. Can it provide a new dual-target option for neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer? In this issue, "Oncology Frontier" invites Prof. Xiaowei Qi to share insights from his report at the South-North Forum titled "Clinical and Translational Research on Pyrotinib Combined with Trastuzumab as Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer," offering an in-depth exploration of this new dual-target regimen in early anti-HER2 therapy.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy have become crucial in the treatment of leukemia. However, the effectiveness and safety of these treatments continue to be hot topics of research. Recent breakthrough studies have provided valuable insights, particularly in the treatment of children with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), prevention and monitoring of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and management of complications following CAR-T therapy. The 50th European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) annual meeting, held from April 14 to 17, 2024, in Glasgow, UK, focused on the latest advancements in stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy, pushing forward better clinical outcomes for hematologic patients. At this conference, Professor Shaoyan Hu and her team from the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University reported on six studies. Oncology Frontier - Hematology Frontier specially invited Professor Shaoyan Hu and her team members to share their research findings on the efficacy and safety of allo-HSCT and CAR-T cell therapy in pediatric leukemia patients in a roundtable discussion format and to provide insightful commentary on these six studies.