At the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, two studies in the field of targeted therapy for gastric cancer drew significant attention. The world’s first randomized controlled trial (RCT) of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors (Abstract 4003) reported positive results, demonstrating both superior efficacy and manageable safety for Claudin 18.2-targeted CAR-T therapy compared to standard treatment regimens. Meanwhile, the Phase III randomized DESTINY-Gastric04 trial (Abstract LBA 4002) compared trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) with the current standard second-line regimen of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel (RAM+PTX) for patients with HER2-positive unresectable/metastatic gastric cancer, showing promising efficacy and safety outcomes.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) has a relatively high incidence (1.8–3.0 per 100,000 person-years) and prevalence (17 per 100,000), with a substantial proportion of patients experiencing refractory or relapsed disease. Nearly 50% of patients relapse multiple times despite receiving first-line glucocorticoids, second-line CD20 monoclonal antibodies, and multiple conventional immunosuppressants, often becoming dependent on long-term drug therapy. As a result, patients with this otherwise benign disease frequently face a poor quality of life, complicated by thrombotic events, severe infections, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, with disability or death occurring in 10–30% of cases. There is an urgent clinical need for innovative therapies capable of achieving durable, drug-free remissions.