IOncology

In recent years, bilateral mastectomy, as a surgical approach to prevent contralateral breast cancer, has gained a certain degree of attention and application. However, there is still controversy regarding the actual effectiveness of bilateral mastectomy in preventing breast cancer mortality. Recently, Dr. Steven Narod from the Dalla Lana School of Public Health published a research paper titled "Bilateral Mastectomy and Breast Cancer Mortality" in JAMA Oncology. "Oncology Frontier" specially invited Dr. Steven Narod to share his latest research findings, hoping to provide more thoughts and guidance for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer.

The necessity of adding chemotherapy to postoperative adjuvant treatment and in Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a topic of debate. In this article, Dr. Mark G. Kris from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center analyzes the value of chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of early-stage NSCLC with EGFR and ALK mutations, as well as in the treatment of advanced lung cancer.

The successes of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have raised hopes for implementing these therapies in earlier stages of the disease. Recent trial results indicate that neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and perioperative immunotherapy may improve the cure rates of early-stage NSCLC. While early diagnosis of patients could make immunotherapy a significant option for early-stage NSCLC, identifying reliable biomarkers remains a challenge.

In 2022, Dr. Chunxue Bai from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, introduced the concept of "Metaverse Medicine," aiming to leverage metaverse technology to revolutionize disease prevention and treatment. At the 2024 International Lung Cancer Academic Conference, Professor Bai presented a report titled "Lung Cancer Screening and Management in the Metaverse Era." This article provides a summary of the main points of his report.

PostMONARCH is the first randomized, placebo-controlled phase III study of its kind. At the 2024 ASCO conference, Dr. Kevin Kalinsky from the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University presented the primary outcomes of the PostMONARCH study, revealing that continued treatment with abemaciclib (Abemaciclib) + fulvestrant benefits patients even after progression on CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. This article provides a summary of the study's progress for our readers.

From August 2-4, 2024, the 7th Oncology Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Conference and the 10th Breast Cancer Individualized Treatment Conference (COMB), organized by the China Cancer Foundation and Beijing Breast Disease Prevention Society, was grandly held in Beijing. The conference brought together the latest advances in individualized precision treatment for breast cancer in China, providing a broad platform for promoting new concepts, developing new technologies, and creating new models in the breast cancer field. With the recent advancements in breast cancer precision medicine, CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), immunotherapy drugs, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have significantly improved the survival benefits for breast cancer patients. Oncology Frontier conducted an exclusive interview with Dr. Songqing Ye from Fujian Provincial Hospital to discuss the current landscape and trends in the development of new drugs for precision treatment of early-stage breast cancer.

The SERENA-2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of different doses of Camizestrant (75 mg, 150 mg) compared to fulvestrant in patients with advanced ER+/HER2- breast cancer. The results showed that the median PFS in the Camizestrant groups was similar regardless of ESR1m status or dosage. Researchers further conducted an exploratory analysis of the SERENA-2 study to examine the suppression of ESR1m ctDNA in patients treated with Camizestrant compared to fulvestrant and its correlation with PFS. The findings of this exploratory analysis were presented at the 2024 ESMO BC conference, and this article provides a summary of the results.

Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is a heterogeneous disease state and represents a critical time window for improving survival in advanced prostate cancer, requiring comprehensive and personalized treatment. As diagnostic and therapeutic strategies continue to advance, the management and assessment of mHSPC have become increasingly complex. Several studies have already evaluated the efficacy of new regimens or drugs for mHSPC using radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Recently, a commentary published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology analyzed the feasibility of rPFS as a surrogate endpoint for evaluating mHSPC efficacy. This summary is presented for our readers.

Multiple studies have demonstrated that both lymph node-positive and lymph node-negative stage II or III HR+/HER2- early breast cancer patients are at risk of recurrence, and the recurrence rate gradually increases over time. At the 2024 ASCO conference, a study conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate the 3-year and 5-year recurrence risk in early breast cancer patients, emphasizing the need for treatment intensification in specific patient groups. This article provides a summary of the study.

In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), particularly in the field of biomarker research. To delve deeper into this, Cancer Outlook invited Dr. Qiang Liu from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University to provide an in-depth analysis of two recent landmark studies. These studies explore the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in early-stage TNBC patients who have not undergone chemotherapy. The findings from these studies reveal a correlation between TIL levels and patient survival, offering a new perspective for identifying patients with a good prognosis who may not require chemotherapy. Additionally, Professor Liu shares insights from his own research on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in breast cancer treatment, underscoring the importance of precision medicine in managing TNBC.