The 54th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Experimental Hematology (ISEH 2025) was held in Kumamoto, Japan, from September 24 to 27. The event brought together leading global experts to discuss cutting-edge advances in basic hematology, immunology, stem cell biology, and cellular and gene therapies. One of the highlights of the meeting was the China–Japan Joint Symposium on Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, which drew significant attention. Professor Xue Feng from the Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), delivered an insightful presentation titled “Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Expressing Factor IX Padua in Treating Hemophilia B in China.” Following the presentation, Oncology Frontier – Hematology Frontier conducted an exclusive interview with Professor Xue to explore this innovative approach and its future clinical prospects.