Dr. Ana Hoxha: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of MPXV and HIV co-infected patients

Dr. Ana Hoxha: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of MPXV and HIV co-infected patients

In 2022, about 70 countries/regions around the world reported cases of MPOX. These countries/regions usually have no prior history of MPXV infections, and previous sustained human-to-human transmissions of MPXV were mainly observed in Africa. At the recent 12th International AIDS Society HIV Science Conference (IAS 2023), Dr. Ana Hoxha from the World Health Organization (WHO) presented a special report titled "HIV among MPOX cases: clinical characteristics and outcomes in the WHO global surveillance 2022". The report, based on over 82,000 patients in the WHO's global MPOX surveillance system, detailed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HIV-infected individuals among the 2022 MPOX cases. Dr. Hoxha was interviewed on-site by Infectious Disease Frontier.
Dr. Jessica Seidelman: Implementation of a blood culture algorithm in emergency department patients as a diagnostic stewardship intervention

Dr. Jessica Seidelman: Implementation of a blood culture algorithm in emergency department patients as a diagnostic stewardship intervention

Blood culture is one of the most important tests in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infection and bacteremia. However, in the United States, blood cultures are still performed even for emergency patients with a low probability of bacteremia, which may result in a large waste of resources. At IDWeek 2023, a study reported the implementation of a blood culture algorithm in emergency department patients as a diagnostic stewardship intervention.
Multiple HIV Research Achievements by Dr. Yaokai Chen’s Team from Chongqing Public Health Medical Center Was Selected for the 2023 IDWeek

Multiple HIV Research Achievements by Dr. Yaokai Chen’s Team from Chongqing Public Health Medical Center Was Selected for the 2023 IDWeek

The IDWeek in the United States is one of the largest infectious disease academic conferences globally, often referred to as the "Oscars" of the infectious disease field. Numerous cutting-edge research findings would be shared and discussed at this highly anticipated academic event. During the recent 2023 IDWeek, Dr. Yaokai Chen's team from Chongqing Public Health Medical Center had four HIV-related research findings selected for the conference. One of these was presented as a Rapid-Fire Poster, while the other three were included in poster presentations.
IDWeek Commentary | Dr. Hongzhou Lu: Can ” Online Celebrity Weight Loss Drugs” Also Be Used for HIV-Infected Individuals?

IDWeek Commentary | Dr. Hongzhou Lu: Can ” Online Celebrity Weight Loss Drugs” Also Be Used for HIV-Infected Individuals?

Experiencing weight gain due to medication" is a common concern for many people living with HIV (PLWH). Some antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are associated with weight gain and related metabolic complications. In the field of endocrinology, newer antidiabetic medications like glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been used for weight management and have gained popularity. So, are these new weight loss treatments suitable for PLWH experiencing ART-related weight gain? At the 2023 Infectious Diseases Week (IDWeek 2023), two studies on the use of GLP-1 RAs in PLWH and one study of weight control using protease inhibitor switching were presented. Dr. Hongzhou Lu from Shenzhen Third People's Hospital (The Second Hospital Affiliated with the School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology) provides an introduction and commentary on these studies.
IDWEEK Live Interview |Dr. Hardy：Leveraging Stewardship to Promote Narrower-spectrum Antibiotic Use for Low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales

IDWEEK Live Interview |Dr. Hardy：Leveraging Stewardship to Promote Narrower-spectrum Antibiotic Use for Low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales

AmpC β-lactamases are class C serine β-lactamases that can be produced by a number of Enterobacteriaceae and glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria. Although AmpC β-lactamases have been associated with the development of third-generation cephalosporin resistance, this risk of AmpC deinhibition is not the same in different enterobacteria. At the recent Infectious Diseases Week 2023 (IDWeek 2023) conference, Professor Megan E. Hardy, a clinical pharmacologist in infectious diseases from the West Virginia University School of Medicine (WVU Medicine) in the United States, orally reported the results of a study titled, "Leveraging Stewardship to Promote Narrower-spectrum Antibiotic Use for Low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales" and shared his fascinating insights in an interview with Infectious Disease Frontier.
Professor Chen Yaokai: Factors Affecting the Prognosis of HIV Patients with Talaromyces Marneffei Co-Infection Treated with Amphotericin B Deoxycholate

Professor Chen Yaokai: Factors Affecting the Prognosis of HIV Patients with Talaromyces Marneffei Co-Infection Treated with Amphotericin B Deoxycholate

Talaromyces marneffei (TM) is a thermal dimorphic fungus that can cause systemic fungal infections in humans. This fungal infection is common in immunocompromised individuals and is one of the leading causes of death among HIV/AIDS patients in Southeast Asia and South Asia. At the 19th European AIDS Conference (EACS) held from October 18 to 21, 2023, Professor Chen Yaokai and his team from the Chongqing Public Health Medical Treatment Center presented a research report titled "Severe Anemia, Severe Leukopenia, and Severe Thrombocytopenia in HIV-Related Talaromyces Marneffei Infection Induced by Amphotericin B Deoxycholate: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study." This study contributes to global efforts to combat the HIV epidemic and co-infections by presenting findings from China. Below is a summary of their research.
Professor Chen Yaokai: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Raltegravir Treatment for HIV-Positive Pregnant Women

Professor Chen Yaokai: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Raltegravir Treatment for HIV-Positive Pregnant Women

HIV can be transmitted through bodily fluids such as blood, breast milk, semen, and vaginal secretions. Pregnant women who are infected with HIV should receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) as soon as possible to protect their own health and reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to their unborn child. At the recent 19th European AIDS Conference (EACS 2023), Professor Chen Yaokai and his team from the Chongqing Public Health Medical Treatment Center presented a report titled "The Effectiveness of Raltegravir in Virological Suppression of HIV-Positive Pregnant Women at Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." The study analyzed the effectiveness of Raltegravir treatment for pregnant women with HIV, initiated at different stages of pregnancy, in achieving virological suppression at the time of delivery, and conducted subgroup analyses for treated and untreated pregnant women.
Professor Zhu Biao: Impact of Single-Tablet HIV Medications B/F/TAF and E/C/F/TAF on Lipid Metabolism

Professor Zhu Biao: Impact of Single-Tablet HIV Medications B/F/TAF and E/C/F/TAF on Lipid Metabolism

AIDS remains a significant global health concern, but recent advancements in medical technology have shifted the treatment of HIV-infected individuals toward a chronic disease management approach. Ensuring treatment safety and adherence is a critical challenge within this context. Currently, two single-tablet regimens, Biktarvy (B/F/TAF) and Descovy (E/C/F/TAF), are widely used globally, including in China, for managing HIV infections. These regimens not only effectively suppress the virus but also offer good safety and adherence rates. In recent years, concerns have arisen about complications related to HIV infection, particularly the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) associated with long-term antiretroviral drug use. This risk significantly affects the life expectancy and long-term health of HIV-infected individuals. From October 18 to 20, 2023, the 19th European AIDS Conference (EACS 2023) was held in Warsaw, Poland. During the conference, a clinical study led by Professor Zhu Biao from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine was featured as a poster presentation (Abstract No. 551). This study suggests that compared to E/C/F/TAF, B/F/TAF has a milder impact on lipid metabolism and is associated with a reduced risk of CVD.
Professor Lv Wei: An All-Encompassing Interpretation of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies for Late-Diagnosed HIV Patients

Professor Lv Wei: An All-Encompassing Interpretation of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies for Late-Diagnosed HIV Patients

This article features an interview with Professor Lv Wei, offering a comprehensive analysis of the clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for late-presenting HIV patients. This group is a significant challenge in China's HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment efforts due to their higher hospitalization and transmission rates, heavier economic burdens, and poorer long-term prognosis.