review

Infectious Disease Frontier specially invited Dr. Weiping Cai from the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China, to provide insightful comments on this hot research area.

AIDS remains one of the most significant public health issues worldwide, with around 38 million people living with HIV (PLWH). In recent years, with the continuous advancement of antiretroviral therapy (ART), AIDS has gradually transformed into a manageable chronic disease. However, PLWH still face challenges like poor drug adherence and increased risk of resistance. Therefore, the development of innovative long-acting antiretroviral drugs has become a breakthrough to reduce the medication burden on patients and decrease the threat of the disease. From July 23 to 26, 2023, the 12th International AIDS Society HIV Science Conference (IAS 2023) was held in Brisbane, Australia. The latest research progress on long-acting HIV drugs became a major highlight of the conference. Infectious Disease Frontier specially invited Dr. Weiping Cai from the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China, to provide insightful comments on this hot research area.

Currently, the choice of second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for children infected with HIV is extremely limited. At the12th International AIDS Society HIV Science Conference (IAS 2023), researchers announced the results of a significant clinical study, the CHAPAS-4 ( Abstract No. OALBB0503), focusing on the long-term treatment outcomes of second-line therapy in children with HIV infections. We specially invited Dr. Hui Wang from the Affiliated Second Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, China, to provide a brilliant review of this research.

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly reduced the mortality associated with HIV, the morbidity of non-AIDS-related complications associated with HIV remains high. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and assess clinical decision factors for adjusting ART in the context of suppressed HIV RNA. At the recently concluded 12th International AIDS Society HIV Science Conference ( IAS 2023), Dr. A. Cozzi-Lepri of University College London reported a study (Abstract number: EPB0169) that analyzed and evaluated the risk of ART switches in the context of common comorbidities combined with HIV and suppressed HIV RNA. This journal specially invited Dr. Biao Zhu from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China, to provide a brilliant review of this research.