August 2024 - Page 14 of 19

AIDS 2024丨Unique Changes in the Gut Virome of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.11

At the 25th International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2024) in Munich, Germany, a study on the impact of HIV on the gut virome of children garnered significant attention. This research was conducted by scientists from the University of Washington in Seattle, Seattle Children's Hospital, and the University of Cape Town in South Africa. The study revealed unique changes in the gut virome of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants born to HIV-infected mothers.

AIDS 2024丨Severe Depression in People with HIV Linked to Increased Neuroinflammation

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.11

Severe depression in people with HIV is a complex public health issue requiring urgent attention. The 25th International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2024) was held from July 22 to 26 in Munich, Germany, attracting 15,000 professionals and attendees from around the world to discuss the latest advancements and future challenges in AIDS prevention and treatment. At the conference, a study revealed a significant association between neuroinflammation and severe depressive symptoms in people with HIV. This study utilized diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DW-MRS) to measure the diffusion of metabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of people with HIV, finding that increased diffusion of creatine and choline is significantly correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that neuroinflammation may be an important pathophysiological mechanism of severe depression in people with HIV.

APACC2024 | Dr. Chunyan Li: Service Provision and Adherence Support for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.11

Numerous studies have explored the use of long-acting antiretroviral therapy (Long-acting ART) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), achieving positive preventive outcomes. However, the promotion of long-acting PrEP still faces many challenges. Additionally, how can adherence to existing oral PrEP regimens be further improved? At the recently held 9th Asia Pacific AIDS & Co-infections Conference (APACC 2024), Dr. Chunyan Li from the The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study participated in several panel discussions and shared her team's research findings, offering more insights and reflections on these issues.

Dr. Fu Fu Zheng: New Advances in Prostate Cancer Research at the 2024 ASCO Meeting (Research Directions and Precision Therapy)

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.11

Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor of the reproductive system, particularly affecting elderly men. Screening high-risk populations and tailoring treatment plans based on patient characteristics are crucial for improving cure rates and enhancing quality of life. Recently, the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting unveiled numerous advancements in the precision treatment of prostate cancer. "Oncology Frontier" invited Dr. Fu Fu Zheng from The First Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University to provide an in-depth analysis of these advancements and discuss the latest breakthroughs in prostate cancer. This article summarizes the current challenges and directions in prostate cancer treatment, sharing insights into genomics, liquid biopsy, and new targeted therapy explorations presented at the ASCO conference.

In-Depth Analysis丨Dr. Wei Li & Dr. Shaohua Zhang: First-Line Treatment Options for Patients with Recurrent Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.10

For patients with recurrent metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), would you choose "chemotherapy + immunotherapy" or "ADC" for treatment? At the 2024 Breast Cancer Summer Forum·Northern Salon "In-Depth Analysis" session, Dr. Wei Li from Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital and Dr. Shaohua Zhang from the Chinese PLA General Hospital presented their respective viewpoints. Dr. Wei Li expressed a preference for "chemotherapy + immunotherapy," while Dr. Shaohua Zhang opted for "ADC." Following the session, Oncology Frontier invited the two experts to elaborate on their perspectives.

In-Depth Analysis丨Dr. Wei Li & Dr. Shaohua Zhang: First-Line Treatment Options for Patients with Recurrent Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.10

Exclusive Interview with Dr. Jian Zhou, Chairman of the APPLE Alliance丨Global Liver Cancer: “Look East” to Integrate More Chinese Wisdom and Strengt

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.10

At the recent 14th Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting (APPLE 2024), Dr. Jian Zhou from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, officially assumed the position of the new Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Association (APPLE). This marks the first time since the establishment of the APPLE Alliance that a Chinese mainland expert has held the chairmanship, signifying that Chinese liver cancer experts will step onto this highly influential international academic stage as leaders. This allows for deeper integration of Chinese wisdom and strength into international liver cancer academic exchanges. Oncology Frontier and Hepatology Digest had the privilege of interviewing Dr. Jian Zhou to share his thoughts and plans as the new APPLE Chairman, the significant achievements in the field of liver cancer surgical treatment in China, and the growing international influence of Chinese liver cancer guidelines and consensus, which have greatly promoted standardized diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.

JOH丨GLP-1R/GCGR Dual Agonist Offers New Approach for Treating MASLD

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.09

It is estimated that 25% of adults worldwide are affected by metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MASLD is characterized by at least 5% liver fat content in individuals who do not consume alcohol or consume very little. MASLD represents the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). About 20% to 30% of MASLD patients progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning, with or without fibrosis. It is estimated that 20% of MASH patients will further develop end-stage liver disease. A weight loss of 3% to 5% can improve MASLD, while a weight loss of ≥10% is associated with MASH regression and fibrosis regression, indicating the critical role of obesity in the progression of these diseases. Recently, a study published in the Journal of Hepatology suggests that a GLP-1R/GCGR dual agonist may provide an effective treatment for MASLD and obesity.

N-Glycan Markers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.09

As of 2022, there are 257.5 million people worldwide who are HBsAg positive. Decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are the leading causes of death among chronic HBV patients. Liver biopsy is the "gold standard" for diagnosing fibrosis stages, but its invasive nature makes many patients reluctant to undergo the procedure. Recently, a study published in Hepatology International explored the value of serum N-glycan markers in diagnosing liver fibrosis.

AIDS 2024丨In the Era of U=U, Australia’s SVS Rate Among HIV Patients Exceeds 95%

By Mourabit Halima 2024.08.09

In recent years, the concept of “U=U” (Undetectable equals Untransmittable) has become widely recognized in the field of HIV prevention. This concept is based on extensive scientific research showing that HIV patients on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) who achieve and maintain an undetectable viral load (typically defined as less than 20 or 50 copies/mL) have a negligible risk of sexually transmitting the virus. The introduction of “U=U” has not only changed our understanding of HIV transmission but also provided significant confidence and support to HIV patients and their partners, encouraging more individuals to engage in treatment to achieve personal health and public health goals. At the 25th International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2024), a recent study revealed that over 95% of HIV patients in Australia on ART achieved sustained viral suppression (SVS) over the past three years, which holds significant implications for global HIV management and prevention strategies in the “U=U” era.