Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a widespread global health issue. According to the World Health Organization, as of 2019, approximately 296 million people globally suffer from chronic HBV infection, with around 1.5 million new infections annually, leading to 820,000 deaths due to HBV-related complications. Data from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicates that around 86 million people in China have chronic HBV infection. Simultaneously, with changes in lifestyle and dietary habits, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease globally, affecting approximately one-third of the world's population. In Asia, the prevalence of MAFLD has been steadily rising, increasing from 25.28% between 1999 and 2005 to 33.90% between 2012 and 2017.