Since the introduction of the first oral nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) lamivudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China in 1998, there has been a continuous effort over 25 years to explore various generations of drugs by medical, pharmaceutical, and technological researchers. The NA family has expanded to include entecavir, telbivudine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide, besifovir and so on. In particular, the latter four have become the mainstay for controlling hepatitis B virus (HBV). Additionally, long-acting interferons, when used in combination or sequentially with NAs, enhance the treatment's effectiveness, providing hope for reaching new heights in the cure of HBV.
