Editor's Note: The 60th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) was grandly held in Chicago, USA, from May 31 to June 4, 2024. As a premier global event, ASCO gathers oncology experts from around the world to discuss the latest advancements and future trends in the field. At this year's ASCO conference, several studies led by Professor Pei Dong from the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center were selected, making a significant impact on the international stage. These studies not only represent new progress in the field of urologic oncology in China but also contribute to the global development of urologic oncology. "Oncology Frontier" has summarized these studies for our readers.

Abstract No: 4539

Camrelizumab plus apatinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma patients after first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment failure: A multicenter phase II trial

Corresponding Author: Pei Dong

Background: Previous studies have shown clinical benefits of targeted immunotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma, with both camrelizumab and apatinib demonstrating benefits. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of this combination in patients with renal cell carcinoma after first-line TKI treatment failure.

Methods: This was a multicenter, single-arm phase II study, including patients ≥18 years old with an ECOG PS score of 0-1 who had progressed on first-line TKI treatment. Patients received apatinib (250 mg/day, continuously) plus camrelizumab (20 mg IV Q3W) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Camrelizumab was administered for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was PFS, with secondary endpoints including ORR, DCR, OS, duration of response (DOR), and safety.

Results: The median PFS was 10.0 months (95% CI: 6.1-14.9), and the median OS was 28.4 months (95% CI: 19.7-NR). The DCR was 82.9%, with 12 patients (34.3%) achieving PR and 17 patients (48.6%) maintaining stable disease (SD). The ORR was 34.3% (95% CI: 19.1-52.2). Notably, 40% of patients benefited from the combination therapy for more than 4 months after the first progression before experiencing the next progression. The most common grade ≥3 AEs included proteinuria (25.7%), hypertension (20.0%), ALT increase (14.3%), and AST increase (14.3%).

Conclusion: Camrelizumab plus apatinib demonstrated good antitumor activity and safety as a second-line treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Abstract No: 4540

Preliminary results from a phase II clinical study of first-line drugs combined with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the treatment of oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma

Corresponding Authors: Pei Dong, Liru He

Background: Switching systemic therapy is the primary but not the only treatment option for first-line renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: This was a single-arm phase II study (ChiCTR2000032947) that included patients with oligoprogressive metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Key inclusion criteria were ≤5 metastatic lesions (maximum tumor diameter ≤6 cm); ≥3 months of first-line systemic therapy; ≤3 oligometastatic lesions; no liver or brain metastases. The primary endpoint was PFS, with secondary endpoints including local control, time to next systemic therapy (STE time), OS, and safety.

Results: From June 2020 to January 2024, 30 patients were enrolled, with 27 patients receiving SBRT and evaluated for efficacy. The median time to oligoprogression during first-line systemic therapy was 13.6 months. With a median follow-up of 23.5 months, the local control rate was 97.1%. The 6-month, 12-month, 18-month, and 24-month PFS rates and median PFS were 88.9%, 54.2%, 36.4%, 22.7%, and 15.0 months, respectively. The 24-month OS rate and median OS were 78.5% and not reached. The most common sites for SBRT were bone (32.4%), lymph nodes (23.5%), and lungs (23.5%). Grade 3-4 treatment-related AEs occurred in 44.4% of patients, with the most common being hematologic toxicity (18.5%), hypertension (18.5%), and hand-foot syndrome (7.4%). No grade 3-4 SBRT-related toxicities were observed.

Conclusion: SBRT is a safe and effective method for treating oligoprogressive mRCC, significantly extending the duration of ongoing first-line systemic therapy.